Genital lymphedema in women

Lymphedema is generally located on the lower or upper limbs (legs or arms). In some cases, it appears in the genital area, in both men and women. Let's take a look at this form of lymphedema, its specificities and its management in women. 

Lymphedema can affect the female genital tract, particularly following the various treatments for pelvic cancer (ovarian, cervical, endometrial cancer, etc.)⁽¹⁾. The management of patients and the organization of care are specific, due to the location of the pathology. 

Detecting the symptoms of genital lymphedema

In some cases, the development of genital lymphedema can be a sign of a recurrence of the pelvic cancer. Medical follow-up and imaging (CT scan, MRI) will be able to confirm a diagnosis of recurrence⁽¹⁾.

In women, this condition can affect the outer labia, the inner labia, the pubis or the abdomen⁽¹⁾. The symptoms are as follows:

• Feeling of heaviness and bloating/swelling in the lower abdomen or genital region⁽²⁾,
• Feeling of heat or tightness in the genital area,
• Feeling of discomfort when moving around (walking)⁽²⁾,
• Presence of a discharge of variable intensity, related to the development of lymph blisters in the genital area⁽¹⁾.

Adapting the management of care 

The management of genital lymphedema is complex in women⁽³⁾. Indeed, it is imperative to ensure effective lymphatic drainage, generally in the pelvic area⁽³⁾. To do this, a foam plate is made according to anatomical measurements, carried out on a case-by-case basis. This plate, covered with a suitable bandage, is inserted into a compression undergarment in order to compress the swollen area and thus allow lymph to circulate (custom-made panty). This device must not hinder walking⁽³⁾. The compression can be increased by superimposing several plates.  

The implementation of care must be carried out in a lymphology department or on an outpatient basis, during the decongestive phase of treatment⁽³⁾. The patient's written consent must be obtained before starting the interventions⁽³⁾.

If you have any other questions, ask your doctor for advice.